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Calcton

Beauty Contest Calculator

Free online beauty contest calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.

中文版:选美竞猜计算器

Beauty Contest Calculator
比例参数 p(0 到 1 之间,可用分数如 2/3)
展示的推理步数 k(1 到 30)

原理:选美竞猜博弈要求猜「平均数的 p 倍」最接近者获胜。若全员完全理性,任何猜测都会被下一层推理超越——猜 100·p 的人输给猜 100·p² 的人——迭代剔除理性层级后唯一均衡是 0。这是凯恩斯选美比喻的形式化:重要的不是你觉得什么美,而是你猜别人觉得别人觉得什么美。

步骤:① 输入 p 与展示步数;② 点击推演;③ 查看逐层推理链与均衡。

示例:p = 2/3 时推理链从 100 依次乘 p:66.666666666667 → 44.444444444444 → 29.62962962963,完全理性终点是 0;实验中真实群体通常停在 20 到 35 之间,对应约一两层推理深度。

注意事项:0 均衡要求「理性是共同知识」——只要有人按直觉出招,最优猜测就不是 0 而是略高于 0;p 越小收敛越快(p = 0.1 时几步就贴近 0);本工具的链仅展示推理层级,不是时间序列。

相关:纳什均衡计算器给出迭代剔除的均衡定义;概率计算器支撑多层推理的概率版本;中位数计算器可分析群体猜测的分布。

How to use the Beauty Contest Calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
  2. The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
  3. Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Beauty Contest Calculator free?

Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.

Is there a Chinese version of this tool?

Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.

References

Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.

  1. dlmf.nist.gov
  2. mathworld.wolfram.com
Kevin's profile

KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-10-05

Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.

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