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First Difference Calculator

Free online first difference calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.

中文版:一阶差分计算器

First Difference Calculator
时间序列(逗号分隔,至少 4 个观测)

原理:一阶差分 ∇xₜ = xₜ − xₜ₋₁ 把「水平」序列转换为「增量」序列,是消除线性趋势、把随机游走型序列变为平稳序列的标准操作。差分均值给出平均每期增量,差分前后 ACF(1) 的对比直观显示趋势是否已被去除。

步骤:① 输入按时间排序的序列;② 点击计算;③ 对比差分前后的 ACF(1):差分后接近 0 说明序列原先的趋势成分已剥离;④ 对强季节序列可对差分结果再做一次季节差分。

示例:x = (10, 13, 12, 16, 15, 19) 时差分序列 = (3, −1, 4, −1, 4)、平均增量 = 1.8、差分标准差 = 2.588435821109;差分后 ACF(1) = -0.814925373134、原序列 ACF(1) = 0.282564102564——差分后出现强负自相关(交替形态),说明原序列本身接近平稳,过度差分会引入人为的负相关。

注意事项:差分会使序列长度减 1 并放大噪声;对已平稳序列差分会引入 MA(1) 型负自相关(见示例),判定行仅作参考;二次差分只在一次差分后仍呈线性趋势时使用;差分后应重新检验平稳性而不是默认平稳。

相关:自相关系数 ACF 计算器查看差分前后的完整自相关结构;Ljung-Box 检验计算器联合检验差分效果;AR(1) 自回归计算器的 φ 接近 1 时正是需要差分的信号。

How to use the First Difference Calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
  2. The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
  3. Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.

Frequently asked questions

Is the First Difference Calculator free?

Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.

Is there a Chinese version of this tool?

Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.

References

Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.

  1. dlmf.nist.gov
  2. mathworld.wolfram.com
Kevin's profile

KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-10-07

Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.

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