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Lituus Calculator

Free online lituus calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.

中文版:利图阿斯螺线在线计算器

Lituus Calculator
参数 a(θ = 1 处的极径)
扫掠起始角 θ1(弧度)
扫掠终止角 θ2(弧度,> θ1)
参数角 θ(弧度,求点坐标)

原理

利图阿斯螺线(lituus,拉丁语「弯号角」)由罗杰·科茨 1722 年研究,极坐标方程 r² = a²/θ,即极径与角度平方根成反比。它以极轴为渐近线:θ 越大螺线越贴近原点附近绕转,θ → 0⁺ 时 r → ∞ 沿极轴展开。

极径扫掠面积 A = (a²/2)·ln(θ2/θ1)——对数增长的面积意味着每一圈面积按角度比累加。弧长 s = ∫√(r² + (dr/dθ)²)dθ = a∫√(θ⁻¹ + θ⁻³/4)dθ,无初等原函数,本工具用 GL16 复合求积计算。

使用步骤

① 输入参数 a;② 给出扫掠角区间 θ1、θ2 得面积与弧长;③ 填参数角 θ 求该点极径与直角坐标。

计算示例

a = 1 时:θ = 4 处 r = 1/√4 = 0.5,θ = 2π 处 r = 1/√(2π) = 0.398942280401(恰为标准正态密度峰值 1/√(2π));θ 从 π/2 扫到 2π 的面积 = 0.5·ln4 = 0.693147180560。

注意事项

θ 必须为正:θ = 0 处曲线发散到无穷,弧长从 0 起积也发散(螺线无限长)。钟表匠与声学中曾用它描述渐弱回声的轨迹;与等角螺线(r = ae^(bθ),角度等比)不同,利图阿斯是「等比角度、开方极径」。

常见问题

Q:它和阿基米德螺线什么关系?A:阿基米德螺线 r = aθ 极径线性增长,利图阿斯 r = a/√θ 按平方根衰减,绕向相反的渐近行为——一个向外匀速展开、一个向内渐收于极轴。

Q:θ 取负角会怎样?A:r² = a²/θ 要求 θ 同号才有实极径,负 θ 的分支与正 θ 分支关于极轴对称,通常只研究 θ > 0 一支。

参考值区(同源数值校验)

a = 1:r(4) = 0.500000000000、扫掠面积 A(π/2→2π) = 0.693147180560、弧长 s(1→4) = 2.070861525527(GL16 200 段与 400 段一致)。

How to use the Lituus Calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
  2. The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
  3. Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Lituus Calculator free?

Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.

Is there a Chinese version of this tool?

Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.

References

Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.

  1. dlmf.nist.gov
  2. mathworld.wolfram.com
Kevin's profile

KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-09-30

Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.

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