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Tautochrone Calculator

Free online tautochrone calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.

中文版:等时曲线在线计算器

Tautochrone Calculator
生成圆半径 R(摆线拱高 h = 2R 的一半)
重力加速度 g(默认 9.80665 m/s²)
起点参数 t0(弧度,0 < t0 < π,验证等时性)

原理

等时曲线(tautochrone,希腊语「相同时间」)是倒置的摆线:粒子沿倒摆线从任意静止起点滑到最低点,所用时间恒为 T = π√(R/g),与起点高低无关。这是惠更斯 1659 年的发现,他据此设计摆线夹板钟,试图让摆钟真正等时。

倒摆线取 y = R(1 + cos t)、弧长 ds = 2R·sin(t/2)dt。下滑时间 T = ∫ds/√(2g(y0−y)),被积函数在起点有可积奇点;用代换消去后积分恰为常数 π√(R/g)。本工具同时用 RK4 物理模拟(切向方程 v̇ = g·cos(t/2))数值复核等时性。

使用步骤

① 输入摆线生成圆半径 R 与重力加速度 g;② 得到下滑时间、整拱弧长与单摆对照;③ 修改起点参数 t0 重算,观察模拟用时不变。

计算示例

R = 1 m、g = 9.80665 时:T = π/√9.80665 = 1.003204646295 s;起点 t0 = π/2 弧长 1.171572875254 m、t0 = 3π/4 弧长 2.469266270540 m,两者滑到底部时间相同。同摆长单摆周期 2π√(R/g) = 2.006409292589 s,恰是 2 倍。

注意事项

摆线的「最速下降」(brachistochrone)与「等时」(tautochrone)是同一条曲线的两个性质:沿它下滑最快、且起点无关。摆线夹板钟因摩擦与加工精度未成主流,但思想催生了摆线的等时摆研究。

常见问题

Q:与单摆的等时性有何不同?A:单摆只在小幅角下近似等时(sin θ ≈ θ),大摆角周期变长;摆线滑道是严格等时的,这正是惠更斯追求它的原因。

Q:R 变大一倍时间怎么变?A:T = π√(R/g),与 √R 成正比——R = 2 时时间增为 √2 ≈ 1.414 倍。

参考值区(同源数值校验)

R = 1、g = 9.80665:T = 1.003204646295 s;RK4 模拟 t0 = π/4、π/2、3π/4 三起点分别为 1.003213442574、1.003210288501、1.003205568097 s(等时性成立,离散误差 < 1e-5)。

How to use the Tautochrone Calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
  2. The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
  3. Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Tautochrone Calculator free?

Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.

Is there a Chinese version of this tool?

Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.

References

Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.

  1. dlmf.nist.gov
  2. mathworld.wolfram.com
Kevin's profile

KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-09-30

Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.

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