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Ultimatum Game Calculator

Free online ultimatum game calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.

中文版:最后通牒博弈计算器

Ultimatum Game Calculator
参数:总额 V, 响应者可接受阈值 t, 提议者出价 s(逗号分隔)

原理:最后通牒博弈里提议者分一笔钱 s 给响应者:响应者接受则按 s 分配,拒绝则双方得零。完全理性下响应者任何 s > 0 都该接受(聊胜于无),于是提议者出价趋近 0;但实验中出价中位数稳定在总额的 40% 到 50%,低出价常被以「惩罚不公平」为由拒绝——公平偏好改变了阈值 t。

步骤:① 输入总额、响应者的接受阈值与提议者的出价;② 点击判定;③ 查看成交结果与双方分配。

示例:V = 100、阈值 t = 30、出价 s = 35 时成交,提议者拿 65、响应者拿 35;若出价只有 25 则被拒,双方都得 0。

注意事项:阈值 t 是响应者的私人信息时博弈升级为信号问题;拒绝意味着响应者愿意花钱惩罚——这在纯自利模型里非理性,但在重复社会互动中是可维持声誉的投资;跨文化实验显示市场规模越大出价越接近公平分。

相关:纳什均衡计算器给出讨价还价的均衡框架;贴现计算器可扩展到轮流出价的破裂风险;期望值计算器评估出价被拒时的期望分配。

How to use the Ultimatum Game Calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
  2. The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
  3. Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Ultimatum Game Calculator free?

Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.

Is there a Chinese version of this tool?

Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.

References

Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.

  1. dlmf.nist.gov
  2. mathworld.wolfram.com
Kevin's profile

KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-10-05

Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.

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