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Volunteer Dilemma Calculator

Free online volunteer dilemma calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.

中文版:志愿者困境计算器

Volunteer Dilemma Calculator
参数:公共收益 V, 志愿成本 c, 人数 n(逗号分隔)

原理:只要有一人志愿(付成本 c),全组都拿到公共收益 V。混合均衡让人在「志愿」与「等别人」之间无差异:别人全不志愿的概率 (1−p)ⁿ⁻¹ 乘上收益差 V−c 等于志愿的确定成本 c,解出 p* = 1 − (c/V)^(1/(n−1))。人越多,每人志愿率越低——责任被摊薄。

步骤:① 输入公共收益、志愿成本与人数;② 点击计算;③ 读出均衡志愿率与无人志愿概率。

示例:V = 100、c = 10、n = 5 时 p* = 0.43765867481,无人志愿的概率恰为 c/V = 0.1;两人博弈(n = 2)时 p* = 0.9,比五人组高得多。

注意事项:c ≥ V 时没人愿意志愿(成本超过全部收益);n 增大时 p* 下降但「至少一人志愿」的整体概率通常仍上升;现实中旁观者效应与此同构——责任分散导致行动迟缓。

相关:公共品博弈计算器是人人同时贡献的版本;纳什均衡计算器给出混合策略的一般定义;概率计算器可复核无志愿概率的展开式。

How to use the Volunteer Dilemma Calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
  2. The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
  3. Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Volunteer Dilemma Calculator free?

Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.

Is there a Chinese version of this tool?

Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.

References

Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.

  1. dlmf.nist.gov
  2. mathworld.wolfram.com
Kevin's profile

KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-10-05

Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.

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