Catenary Calculator
Free online catenary calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.
中文版:悬链线在线计算器
原理
悬链线(catenary)是两端固定、仅受自身重力的均匀柔索的平衡形状,方程 y = a·cosh(x/a),其中 a = H/w(H 为最低点水平张力,w 为单位长度重量)。它与抛物线形似而本质不同:均布载荷沿弧长分布得悬链线,沿水平分布(如吊桥)才是抛物线。
弧长 s = a·sinh(x/a),曲线下面积 = a²·sinh(x/a)(恰为 a×弧长),任意点张力 T = w·y——张力处处沿切线,竖直分量吊起该段索重。
使用步骤
① 输入参数 a 与目标横坐标 x;② 如需张力,填单位长度载荷 w;③ 点击计算得到高度、弧长、面积与张力。
计算示例
a = 1、x = 1 时:y = cosh(1) = 1.543080634815,s = sinh(1) = 1.175201193644,面积 = 1.175201193644;x = 2 时 y = cosh(2) = 3.762195691084,弧长增长到 sinh(2) = 3.626860407847。
注意事项
a 的几何意义是最低点处的曲率半径:a 越大链越「平缓」,a 越小垂得越深。工程上先测垂度与跨距反推 a:设跨距半宽 L/2、垂度 f,则 f = a(cosh(L/2a) − 1),数值求解即可。
常见问题
Q:悬链线和抛物线怎么区分?A:仅看一段很难肉眼分辨,但悬链线满足 y'' = (1/a)√(1+y'²),抛物线满足 y'' = 常数。圣彼得大教堂贝尼尼华盖链与高线的争论正是靠这一区别裁定。
Q:为什么倒过来的悬链线是最优拱?A:把悬链线翻转(如圣路易斯拱门),压应力沿曲线处处切向、无弯矩,是纯压状态下的极限形状——罗伯特·胡克 1675 年的著名论断。
参考值区(同源数值校验)
cosh(1) = 1.543080634815、sinh(1) = 1.175201193644;GL16 弧长核 ∫√(1+sinh²(x/a))dx 与解析 a·sinh(x/a) 一致(1.175201193644)。
How to use the Catenary Calculator
- Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
- The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
- Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Catenary Calculator free?
Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.
Is there a Chinese version of this tool?
Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.
References
Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.
KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-09-30
Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.
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