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Catenary Calculator

Free online catenary calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.

中文版:悬链线在线计算器

Catenary Calculator
参数 a(最低点曲率半径 = H/w)
横坐标 x(自最低点起算)
单位长度载荷 w(可选,用于张力,默认 1)

原理

悬链线(catenary)是两端固定、仅受自身重力的均匀柔索的平衡形状,方程 y = a·cosh(x/a),其中 a = H/w(H 为最低点水平张力,w 为单位长度重量)。它与抛物线形似而本质不同:均布载荷沿弧长分布得悬链线,沿水平分布(如吊桥)才是抛物线。

弧长 s = a·sinh(x/a),曲线下面积 = a²·sinh(x/a)(恰为 a×弧长),任意点张力 T = w·y——张力处处沿切线,竖直分量吊起该段索重。

使用步骤

① 输入参数 a 与目标横坐标 x;② 如需张力,填单位长度载荷 w;③ 点击计算得到高度、弧长、面积与张力。

计算示例

a = 1、x = 1 时:y = cosh(1) = 1.543080634815,s = sinh(1) = 1.175201193644,面积 = 1.175201193644;x = 2 时 y = cosh(2) = 3.762195691084,弧长增长到 sinh(2) = 3.626860407847。

注意事项

a 的几何意义是最低点处的曲率半径:a 越大链越「平缓」,a 越小垂得越深。工程上先测垂度与跨距反推 a:设跨距半宽 L/2、垂度 f,则 f = a(cosh(L/2a) − 1),数值求解即可。

常见问题

Q:悬链线和抛物线怎么区分?A:仅看一段很难肉眼分辨,但悬链线满足 y'' = (1/a)√(1+y'²),抛物线满足 y'' = 常数。圣彼得大教堂贝尼尼华盖链与高线的争论正是靠这一区别裁定。

Q:为什么倒过来的悬链线是最优拱?A:把悬链线翻转(如圣路易斯拱门),压应力沿曲线处处切向、无弯矩,是纯压状态下的极限形状——罗伯特·胡克 1675 年的著名论断。

参考值区(同源数值校验)

cosh(1) = 1.543080634815、sinh(1) = 1.175201193644;GL16 弧长核 ∫√(1+sinh²(x/a))dx 与解析 a·sinh(x/a) 一致(1.175201193644)。

How to use the Catenary Calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
  2. The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
  3. Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Catenary Calculator free?

Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.

Is there a Chinese version of this tool?

Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.

References

Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.

  1. dlmf.nist.gov
  2. mathworld.wolfram.com
Kevin's profile

KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-09-30

Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.

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