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Reversible Chain Calculator

Free online reversible chain calculator. Enter your values and get instant results with the formula, step-by-step working, a worked example and FAQs — everything runs locally in your browser on Calcton, no signup required.

中文版:细致平衡检验计算器

Reversible Chain Calculator
转移矩阵 P(2×2 或 3×3)

原理:链可逆意味着处于平衡时,每一对状态之间的正向流与反向流恰好抵消:πᵢPᵢⱼ = πⱼPⱼᵢ。可逆链没有「净环流」,稳态就像热平衡;MCMC 采样(Metropolis-Hastings)正是靠构造可逆链保证收敛到目标分布。检验方法是先解出平稳分布,再逐对计算流量差。

步骤:① 输入转移矩阵;② 点击检验;③ 读出最大偏差与可逆结论。

示例:对称随机游走 P = [[0, 0.5, 0.5], [0.5, 0, 0.5], [0.5, 0.5, 0]] 平稳分布为均匀分布,最大偏差 0,链可逆;把矩阵改成不对称(如 [[0, 0.8, 0.2], [0.5, 0, 0.5], [0.6, 0.4, 0]])则偏差显著大于零,出现净环流。

注意事项:细致平衡是比「存在平稳分布」更强的条件——不可逆链同样有平稳分布,只是平衡时有环流;周期链或含吸收态的链不适用本检验;数值上偏差小于 1e−9 视为零(浮点容差)。

相关:平稳分布计算器单独解 π;马尔可夫链的稳态行为也可用生灭过程工具对比;矩阵求逆类工具展示 N = (I−Q)⁻¹ 的代数细节。

How to use the Reversible Chain Calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs with your own numbers — every field shows what it expects.
  2. The result updates instantly as you type; no "Calculate" click needed.
  3. Read the result card for the main figure, the step-by-step formula, and practical notes.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Reversible Chain Calculator free?

Yes — all math calculators on Calcton are free, with no sign-up required. Your inputs are processed in your browser and never sent to a server.

Is there a Chinese version of this tool?

Yes. Use the Chinese version link above — it is the same calculator with the interface in Simplified Chinese.

References

Formulas and benchmarks used by this calculator follow these published sources.

  1. dlmf.nist.gov
  2. mathworld.wolfram.com
Kevin's profile

KevinContent LeadCalcton Editorial Team · Last updated 2026-10-05

Kevin maintains Calcton's formula verification and content: every calculator cites the standard it implements, worked examples are recomputed programmatically, and health benchmarks follow WHO and international guidelines.

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